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Basics of Geothermal Energy

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Geothermal energy, derived from Earth's internal heat, has evolved from ancient bathing to modern electricity generation. It offers a stable power supply and has seen significant technological and economic advancements, making it competitive with other renewables. Global capacity reached 13.9 GW for power and 28 GW for heating by 2019, also providing around 100,000 jobs. Public support continues to grow, recognizing geothermal's sustainability.

Exploring the Basics of Geothermal Energy

Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source derived from the Earth's internal heat. This heat originates from the planet's formation and the ongoing radioactive decay of minerals in the Earth's crust. Geothermal energy has been utilized for millennia, with applications ranging from hot spring bathing in ancient times to modern electricity generation. The advent of geothermal power plants in the 20th century marked a significant step in harnessing this energy for consistent electricity production. These plants are particularly beneficial as they provide a stable power supply, contrasting with the variable nature of wind and solar power. Geothermal resources, especially in geologically active areas near tectonic plate boundaries, have the potential to provide a substantial portion of the world's energy needs.
Geothermal power plant with silver turbines, red and orange pipes, drilling rigs and hilly landscape under a clear blue sky.

Historical and Contemporary Utilization of Geothermal Resources

The exploitation of geothermal resources can be traced back to ancient civilizations, which used the Earth's natural heat for bathing and heating. Over time, technological advancements have expanded the scope of geothermal applications to include district heating, space heating, spa use, and various industrial processes. Modern geothermal energy use also encompasses agricultural drying, greenhouse heating, and water desalination. The progression from simple bathing to complex power generation reflects humanity's evolving ability to harness and apply geothermal resources to meet diverse needs.

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00

Since ancient times, humans have used geothermal energy for activities like hot spring bathing, evolving to ______ generation today.

electricity

01

Geothermal power plants, developed in the ______ century, are advantageous because they offer a ______ power supply.

20th

stable

02

Ancient geothermal uses

Bathing, heating by natural heat from Earth.

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