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The Battle of Shiloh, a crucial Civil War conflict, began on April 6, 1862, with significant strategic implications. Union forces, led by General Ulysses S. Grant, faced the Confederate Army under General Albert Sidney Johnston. The battle resulted in over 23,000 casualties and set the stage for further Union advances into the South, including the siege of Corinth. The death of Johnston marked a turning point, while Grant's resolve led to a Union victory and President Lincoln's continued support.
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The Union army, led by Major General Henry Halleck, regained momentum after their defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run
Opening of Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers for Invasion
The capture of Forts Henry and Donelson by Union forces, led by Major General Ulysses S. Grant, allowed for further operations in Tennessee and beyond
General Grant's Army of the Tennessee was ordered to advance towards Corinth, a critical transportation hub for the Confederacy
The town of Corinth held strategic importance due to its railroad junction, which was crucial for the movement of Confederate troops and supplies
General Grant's Army of the Tennessee set up a position at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, as a staging ground for their offensive towards Corinth
The Confederate Army of Mississippi, led by General Albert Sidney Johnston, launched a surprise attack to disrupt Union plans
The Battle of Shiloh, also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing, took place in southwestern Tennessee near a small log chapel called Shiloh Church
The Confederate forces launched a surprise morning attack against the Union troops, targeting specific divisions under the command of Generals William T. Sherman and John A. McClernand
Despite being taken by surprise, the Union troops fought tenaciously and received reinforcements from Generals Lew Wallace and Don Carlos Buell
The death of Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston, who was struck by a bullet and bled to death, was a significant blow to the Confederate cause
The Union forces, particularly those under the command of General Benjamin Prentiss, fiercely defended their position and earned the nickname "Hornet's Nest."
After two days of intense fighting, the Union forces, reinforced by General Wallace and General Buell, launched a counteroffensive and forced the Confederates to retreat, resulting in a Union victory