Data encryption in computer science is essential for protecting sensitive information. It transforms plaintext into ciphertext using algorithms and keys, ensuring data confidentiality. The evolution from DES to AES has marked significant advancements in encryption technology. Symmetric and asymmetric encryption, like AES, RSA, and ECC, cater to different security needs and applications. Implementing encryption in databases requires careful consideration of security, performance, and key management.
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Data encryption is the process of converting readable data into an encoded version to protect its confidentiality
Symmetric Encryption
Symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption
Asymmetric Encryption
Asymmetric encryption uses a pair of keys, a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption
Data encryption safeguards data against unauthorized access, ensures its integrity, and is necessary for meeting privacy standards and regulations
The Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) were once widely adopted symmetric-key algorithms for securing sensitive information
Vulnerabilities of DES and 3DES
Technological advancements have made DES and 3DES vulnerable to effective brute-force attacks
Introduction of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
AES has largely replaced DES and 3DES due to its enhanced security and performance
Symmetric encryption, such as AES, is favored for its speed and security and is suitable for a wide range of applications
RSA
RSA is commonly used for secure data transmission and digital signatures
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)
ECC offers robust security with smaller keys, making it beneficial for devices with limited resources
Encryption can be applied at different levels, such as the entire database, specific tables, or individual columns, based on the sensitivity of the data and its impact on performance
Robust Encryption Methods
Best practices include using robust encryption methods like Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) or column-level encryption for targeted protection
Key Management and Access Control
Key management should be secure and efficient, and integration with access control mechanisms is vital
Additional security measures, such as data masking and tokenization, can provide extra layers of protection
Regular security audits are necessary to ensure compliance with standards and to identify and mitigate potential vulnerabilities
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In computer science, transforming readable data into an encoded version is known as ______.
data encryption
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The encoded version of data, unreadable without the proper key, is referred to as ______.
ciphertext
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Year DES endorsed by U.S. government
1977
