The Post-War Consensus in Britain was a significant era of cross-party political agreement that lasted from 1945 to the late 1970s. It was marked by the collaboration between the Labour and Conservative parties to rebuild society after World War II. Key features included the creation of the NHS, expansion of the welfare state, nationalization of industries, and the pursuit of full employment. This period of consensus laid the foundation for lasting social reforms and influenced British politics for decades.
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The Labour and Conservative parties formed a consensus to address social and economic issues in post-war Britain
Conservative Party
The Conservative Party traditionally advocates for free enterprise and minimal state intervention in the economy
Labour Party
The Labour Party champions social democracy and extensive government involvement in the economy
Despite ideological differences, both parties agreed on the necessity of a welfare state and government involvement in the economy
Successive governments from both parties expanded the welfare state, including the establishment of the NHS and social security measures
Governments pursued policies to achieve full employment and nationalized key industries
The consensus reflected a commitment to the welfare of citizens and the belief in a significant role for government in securing it
Attlee's Labour government laid the groundwork for the welfare state and introduced social reforms
Churchill's Conservative government upheld welfare policies and emphasized housing and education
Subsequent prime ministers continued to uphold the consensus and implement reforms in areas such as housing, education, and gender equality
Thatcher's Conservative government marked a clear ideological shift, emphasizing deregulation and privatization
Thatcher's policies included privatization and cuts in public expenditure on social services, departing from the previous consensus politics
The Post-War Consensus shaped British social policy and institutions such as the NHS, despite its decline in the late 1970s
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Duration of Post-War Consensus
Lasted from 1945 to late 1970s.
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Key Political Parties in Consensus
Labour and Conservative parties.
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Prime Minister Initiating Reforms
Clement Attlee (Labour Party).
