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Tropical cyclones, also called hurricanes or typhoons, are powerful storms that form over warm ocean waters and can cause widespread destruction. They require specific conditions to develop, such as warm sea temperatures and low wind shear. These storms play a crucial role in redistributing heat on Earth and can have significant environmental and societal impacts, especially in coastal regions. Understanding their formation, tracking, and predicting their paths are vital for preparedness and minimizing damage.
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Tropical cyclones are intense circular storm systems that feature a low-pressure center, high winds, and heavy rainfall
Atlantic and Northeastern Pacific
In the Atlantic and northeastern Pacific, tropical cyclones are referred to as hurricanes
Northwestern Pacific
In the northwestern Pacific, tropical cyclones are known as typhoons
Indian Ocean and South Pacific
In the Indian Ocean and South Pacific, tropical cyclones are referred to as simply cyclones
On average, 80 to 90 tropical cyclones develop annually around the world, with more than half reaching hurricane-force winds
Tropical cyclones originate over warm ocean waters, drawing energy from the moisture that evaporates from the sea surface
The size of tropical cyclones can vary widely, with diameters ranging from 100 to 2000 kilometers, and their rotation is influenced by the Earth's rotation through the Coriolis effect
Coastal areas are highly susceptible to the damaging effects of tropical cyclones, including destructive winds, heavy rainfall, high waves, storm surges, and occasionally tornadoes
Tropical cyclones can cause severe coastal erosion, property damage, and compromise flood defenses
Human communities in regions such as the Gulf Coast of the United States, parts of Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Indian subcontinent can suffer catastrophic consequences from tropical cyclones
The changing climate may exacerbate the effects of tropical cyclones by increasing their intensity, altering their frequency, and shifting the patterns of their tracks
The genesis of tropical cyclones requires several environmental conditions to coincide, including warm sea surface temperatures, low vertical wind shear, atmospheric instability, ample moisture, a sufficient Coriolis effect, and a pre-existing weather disturbance
The intensity of a tropical cyclone is constrained by the temperature of the water beneath it and the atmospheric conditions above it, such as the presence of upper-level winds that promote outflow
On average, 86 tropical cyclones reach tropical storm strength each year, with 47 escalating to hurricane or typhoon strength, and about 20 becoming major tropical cyclones
00
Intense circular storm systems with a low-pressure center and high winds are known as ______ in the Atlantic and northeastern Pacific.
hurricanes
01
The term 'tropical cyclones' is commonly used for these storms in the ______ Ocean and ______ Pacific.
Indian
South
02
Globally, about ______ to ______ tropical cyclones form each year, with over half becoming strong enough to be classified as hurricane-force.
80
90
