Encapsulation in object-oriented programming (OOP) is a technique that combines data and methods into a class, controlling access to its internal state. It employs data hiding and access modifiers like public, private, and protected to ensure data integrity and simplify interactions. Encapsulation contributes to software modularity, maintainability, and robustness by allowing changes without affecting other parts of the system.
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Encapsulation combines data and methods into a cohesive unit in OOP
Modularity and Maintainability
Encapsulation allows for modular and maintainable software design
Protection and Contract
Encapsulation protects internal workings and defines a contract for interaction
Encapsulation is implemented through data hiding and access modifiers
Data hiding prevents direct manipulation of internal variables to avoid errors and security issues
Public
Public members can be accessed from any part of the program
Private
Private members are only accessible within the class itself
Protected
Protected members can be accessed within the class and by its derived classes
Encapsulation aids in achieving abstraction by dividing a system into manageable parts
Accessor and mutator methods provide a controlled means of accessing and modifying class properties
Abstraction simplifies interaction with an object and allows for changes in internal representation without affecting external interface
The Employee class encapsulates attributes and offers public methods for retrieving and updating values while keeping data members private
Encapsulation involves declaring private data members, providing public getter and setter methods, and using them to manage the state of the object
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A class in OOP can hide its inner workings and offer a specific ______ for others to interact with, enhancing ______ and ______.
interface
reliability
robustness
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Data Hiding Concept
Technique to restrict access to class's internal variables to prevent direct manipulation and protect integrity.
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Public Access Modifier
Keyword that allows class members to be accessible from any part of the program.
