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The Constitutional Convention of 1787 addressed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, leading to the US Constitution's creation. Key figures like George Washington and James Madison debated government structure, resulting in compromises on representation and slavery. The enduring impact of these decisions, including the addition of the Bill of Rights, established the foundation for the United States' governance.
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The Articles of Confederation were unable to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and enforce laws, leaving the nation weak and fragmented
The armed uprising in Massachusetts highlighted the central government's inability to maintain order
The poorly attended convention in 1786 led to the recommendation for a broader convention to address trade and commerce issues
The convention brought together 55 delegates, including prominent figures such as George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin
The delegates held diverse views on the distribution of power between the national and state governments
As the president of the Convention, Washington maintained neutrality and helped to maintain focus and decorum during the debates
The Virginia Plan proposed a strong national government with a bicameral legislature, while the New Jersey Plan called for a unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state
The compromise proposed a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate
The Three-Fifths Compromise allowed states to count three-fifths of their enslaved population for representation and taxation purposes, and the Constitution also included provisions for the continuation of the transatlantic slave trade and the return of fugitive slaves
The clause established the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties as the supreme law of the land
The Constitution required approval from conventions in nine of the thirteen states, bypassing potentially resistant state legislatures
The Federalists, who supported the new Constitution, faced opposition from the Anti-Federalists, who feared centralized power
The promise of a Bill of Rights, enumerating individual liberties, was crucial in appeasing Anti-Federalist concerns and securing the Constitution's ratification
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Shays' Rebellion significance
Highlighted the central government's inability to maintain order under the Articles of Confederation.
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Annapolis Convention outcome
Led to the recommendation of the Constitutional Convention due to poor attendance and unresolved issues.
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Constitutional Convention original purpose
Convened to revise the Articles of Confederation, but resulted in the creation of a new Constitution.
