Exploring angiosperms, the most diverse plant group with over 300,000 species, known for their flowers and fruits. Their life cycle features alternation of generations, with a dominant sporophyte stage and a unique double fertilization process. Flowers facilitate sexual reproduction, while fruits aid seed dispersal. Angiosperms also reproduce asexually, ensuring survival across various environments.
Show More
Angiosperms are the most diverse group in the plant kingdom, with over 300,000 species
Xylem and Phloem
Angiosperms contain xylem and phloem for the transport of water, minerals, and sugars
The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words "angeion" (container) and "sperma" (seed), referring to the seeds being enclosed within the fruit
The life cycle of angiosperms includes both a multicellular haploid gametophyte stage and a multicellular diploid sporophyte stage
Production of Haploid Spores
The dominant sporophyte stage produces haploid spores by meiosis, which then develop into gametophytes
Fertilization between sperm and egg cells promotes genetic diversity and species survival
Flowers are the reproductive structures of angiosperms, designed to facilitate sexual reproduction
Carpels
Carpels are the female reproductive organs of a flower, including the ovary, style, and stigma
Stamens
Stamens are the male reproductive organs of a flower, consisting of the anther and filament
Petals and Sepals
Petals and sepals are non-reproductive organs of a flower, with petals often attracting pollinators and sepals protecting the flower bud
Angiosperms use double fertilization, where two sperm cells from a single pollen grain fertilize both the egg cell and polar nuclei, leading to the formation of a zygote and endosperm
Following fertilization, the ovary of an angiosperm develops into a fruit, which encloses and protects the seeds and aids in their dispersal
Angiosperms can also reproduce asexually through mechanisms such as vegetative propagation and apomixis, allowing for the rapid spread of successful plant genotypes
00
The word 'angiosperm' comes from Greek, meaning 'seed in a container,' differentiating these plants from ______, which have ______ seeds.
gymnosperms
unenclosed
01
Angiosperm dominant stage?
Sporophyte is dominant, multicellular diploid, produces haploid spores.
02
Angiosperm male and female gametophytes?
Male gametophyte is pollen, female is embryo sac, both produce gametes.
