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Genetic engineering is a biotechnological field that alters an organism's DNA to influence traits. It's used in medicine for gene therapy and creating monoclonal antibodies, and in agriculture to develop crops with enhanced qualities like pest resistance and improved nutritional content. The technology raises questions about biodiversity and health impacts, but also offers solutions like biofortified plants to address vitamin deficiencies.
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Genetic engineering involves the deliberate modification of an organism's genetic composition using molecular tools
Crop Improvement
Genetic engineering can be used to improve crop resilience, create GMOs for pharmaceutical production, and enhance nutritional content
Medical Advancements
Genetic engineering has led to developments in gene therapy, recombinant protein production, and vaccine design
Agricultural Benefits
Genetically engineered crops offer benefits such as increased productivity, improved storage life, and adaptability to different climates
Genetic engineering can be classified into analytical, chemical, and applied types based on techniques and objectives
Bacteria play a pivotal role in genetic engineering due to their simple genetic structure, rapid reproduction rate, and ability to accept foreign DNA
Plasmids, small circular DNA molecules, are used to insert and replicate foreign genes in bacteria
While bacteria are essential for foundational genetic engineering, more complex organisms like mice and pigs are used in advanced research to model human diseases
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different sources using enzymes like DNA ligase to create new genetic sequences
Recombinant DNA is inserted into a host organism, often bacteria, to produce the desired protein
Analytical, chemical, and applied genetic engineering techniques can all be used in recombinant DNA technology
00
Through ______ engineering, scientists can add, remove, or modify genes in an organism, affecting its ______.
genetic
traits
01
Role of plasmids in genetic engineering
Plasmids allow insertion and replication of foreign genes in bacteria.
02
Bacteria reproduction rate significance
Rapid reproduction facilitates quicker gene cloning and protein production.
