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Religious fundamentalism is examined as a response to modernity and globalization, characterized by literal interpretations of sacred texts and traditional values. Sociological perspectives, the 'clash of civilizations' theory, and the impact on human rights are discussed, highlighting the roles of Christian and Islamic fundamentalisms.
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Religious fundamentalism is characterized by strict adherence to traditional values and beliefs, a literal interpretation of religious texts, and a resistance to modern interpretations
The concept of fundamentalism emerged in the early 20th century among American Protestants as a reaction against modernist theology and secularism
Globalization and perceived threats to traditional values and social structures are often cited as catalysts for the rise of religious fundamentalism
Globalization can provide a sense of certainty in an increasingly complex and interconnected world, making fundamentalist movements appealing
Communal fundamentalism often arises in less developed societies, while individualist fundamentalism is more prevalent in developed ones
The 'clash of civilizations' theory suggests that religious identity would become a central axis of global conflict, intensified by globalization and the weakening of nation-states
Fundamentalists often view the world in terms of 'us versus them,' leading to a lack of tolerance for religious pluralism
Fundamentalists typically reject secularism and modernity, perceiving them as threats to their values
Fundamentalist ideologies often include traditional gender roles and a lack of tolerance for the LGBT+ community
Christian and Islamic fundamentalism are among the most prominent and influential forms of fundamentalist movements in the contemporary world
Fundamentalist ideologies can lead to practices that violate internationally recognized human rights standards, such as discrimination against women and religious minorities
The tension between maintaining cultural and religious traditions and upholding human rights is a significant challenge in the global arena
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The term 'religious fundamentalism' refers to a movement within religious groups marked by strict ______ to traditional values and beliefs.
adherence
01
Globalization's role in fundamentalism
Globalization spreads cultural/economic changes, sparking fundamentalist movements as certainty anchors.
02
Giddens and Bruce on fundamentalism
They view fundamentalism as a defense against threats to traditional social structures/values.
