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Exploring the spectrum of religious beliefs, this content delves into theism with monotheism and polytheism in Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism, as well as non-theistic philosophies like Buddhism and Confucianism. It also covers animism in indigenous cultures, totemism's social role, the New Age Movement's spiritual quest, and sociological perspectives on religion.
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Monotheism is the belief in a single, all-powerful deity, as seen in religions like Christianity, Islam, and Judaism
Polytheism involves the worship of multiple gods with unique attributes and responsibilities, as seen in religions like Hinduism
Variations of theism include henotheism and monolatrism, where one god is worshipped among many, as seen in Zoroastrianism and ancient Egyptian worship of Aten
Buddhism focuses on the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as a path to enlightenment without a creator god
Confucianism emphasizes societal harmony through moral rectitude and ritual propriety without invoking a deity
Other non-theistic beliefs include pantheism, agnosticism, and atheism, which reject the belief in any deities
Animism is a worldview that recognizes the presence of spirits or spiritual forces in the natural world, often found in indigenous cultures
Totemism involves the reverence of a totem, such as an object or animal, as an emblem for a group of people, often linked to social structures
The New Age Movement emerged in the 20th century, advocating for personal transformation and a new era of spiritual awareness inspired by Eastern traditions
The New Age Movement is characterized by a variety of practices, such as meditation, astrology, and alternative healing methods
The New Age Movement promotes a vision of a future marked by peace, ecological balance, and global unity
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Definition of Theism
Belief in deities with divine influence over the universe.
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Polytheism and Example
Worship of multiple gods; Hinduism honors Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva.
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Henotheism vs. Monolatrism
Henotheism: One god preferred among many. Monolatrism: Exclusive worship of one god without denying others.
