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European drama traces its roots to ancient Greece, evolving through the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and into modernity. It encompasses genres like tragedy and comedy, with contributions from playwrights such as Aeschylus, Shakespeare, Ibsen, and Beckett. These works reflect societal changes and continue to influence the global cultural discourse.
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The Greeks established the fundamental genres of tragedy and comedy and created enduring works that form the bedrock of the dramatic tradition
Aristotle's "Poetics"
Aristotle's "Poetics" laid the foundation for dramatic theory, influencing subsequent Roman playwrights like Seneca
The fall of the Roman Empire led to significant changes in European drama, with the Christian Church eventually embracing drama to convey biblical narratives
The Renaissance saw a renewed interest in classical antiquity, propelling European drama towards secular storytelling
England's Golden Age of Theatre
Shakespeare and his contemporaries crafted works that defined a golden age of theatre, despite opposition and censorship
The Renaissance also witnessed a surge in dramatic arts in Spain, France, and Italy, with the Commedia dell'arte exemplifying the shift towards secular storytelling
Romanticism and Melodrama
The 19th century saw the rise of Romanticism and melodrama, which influenced the direction of drama with their emphasis on emotion and sensationalism
Realism
The latter part of the 19th century marked a turn towards Realism, with playwrights focusing on everyday life and the inner workings of the human psyche
Symbolism and Expressionism
New movements like Symbolism and Expressionism diverged from the established norms of Realism and Naturalism, presenting audiences with abstract and stylized works
Avant-Garde Movements
The impact of World War I and the Modernist movement fostered a more somber literary atmosphere, with avant-garde movements like Epic Theatre and the Theatre of the Absurd delving into existential questions and societal issues
Contemporary European drama continues to evolve, embracing globalization and technological innovation, and exploring a multitude of voices and experimental forms
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Origin of European drama
Began in ancient Greece, 5th century BCE.
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Fundamental genres of Greek drama
Tragedy and comedy.
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Impact of Aristotle's 'Poetics'
Laid foundation for dramatic theory, influenced Roman playwrights.
