The main topic of the text is the exploration of various theories explaining the causes of civil wars. It delves into greed-based theories, where economic gain is a motivator, and grievance-based theories, which focus on social injustices and inequalities. The text also discusses the Collier-Hoeffler Model's insights, critiques of the greed vs grievance dichotomy, state fragility, and the complex interplay of societal dynamics in civil war risks.
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Economic incentives, such as control of valuable resources, are a primary motivator for conflict
Oil and diamonds
The exploitation of natural resources, such as oil and diamonds, can drive conflicts
The desire for economic gain can lead to civil wars
Civil wars can arise as a reaction to perceived injustices, including social, economic, or political inequalities and discrimination
Civil wars can be driven by social and political factors, such as ethnic dominance and political exclusion
Grievances can foster resentment among disenfranchised groups, leading to civil wars
Weak state institutions, availability of resources for insurgencies, and geographic characteristics can create opportunities for civil wars
Weak state institutions can contribute to the outbreak of civil wars
Geographic characteristics can facilitate rebel operations and contribute to the likelihood of civil wars
The debate between greed-based and grievance-based theories highlights the role of economic incentives and social and political factors in civil war causation
The debate also considers whether civil wars are driven by identity politics or the consequences of ethnic dominance and political exclusion
Critics argue for a more nuanced approach that includes qualitative data and individual narratives to understand the complex nature of civil wars
00
______-based theories claim that the desire for economic benefit, especially through managing precious resources, is a main cause for conflict.
Greed
01
______-based theories look at the conditions that allow conflicts to happen, such as fragile governmental institutions and the landscape that might aid rebel groups.
Opportunity
02
Greed-based theories key elements
Economic incentives, natural resource exploitation, e.g., oil, diamonds.
