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The First Crusade's journey unfolds with the Crusaders' advance through Anatolia, the establishment of the first Crusader state in Edessa by Baldwin of Boulogne, the grueling siege of Antioch, and the climactic conquest of Jerusalem. Key figures like Bohemond of Taranto and Godfrey of Bouillon played significant roles in these historic events, which culminated in the creation of several Crusader states and reshaped the Middle Eastern political landscape.
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The Crusaders, led by Bohemond of Taranto and Godfrey of Bouillon, divided into two contingents and marched through Anatolia, facing hardships and relying on Byzantine support
The Seljuk Attack on the Normans
The Seljuk Sultan Kilij Arslan I attacked the Normans with a force emphasizing mobile archery, but the Normans were able to defend their camp and send for aid
The Counterattack by the French
The French, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, launched a counterattack and were able to penetrate the Turkish encirclement with the help of a flanking maneuver led by the papal legate Adhemar of Le Puy
The Crusaders faced significant hardships due to scorched earth tactics employed by the Seljuks, resulting in a scarcity of provisions and water
Baldwin of Boulogne sought to create his own rule in the Armenian territories and found support among the Armenians, ultimately leading to the establishment of the first Crusader state
Baldwin and Tancred initially competed for control of the city of Tarsus, with Baldwin ultimately prevailing and using it as a base for further expansion
Baldwin's adept political and military maneuvers led to his adoption by Thoros, the Armenian ruler of Edessa, and his eventual assumption of control over the city, establishing the first Crusader state
The main Crusader army, without Baldwin and Tancred, commenced the siege of Antioch, facing significant challenges such as shortages of food and internal disputes
Bohemond of Taranto negotiated with an Armenian guard named Firouz, who betrayed the city and allowed the Crusaders to infiltrate and capture it, leading to the establishment of the Principality of Antioch
The Crusaders were besieged by the forces of Kerbogha, the Atabeg of Mosul, but were able to repulse them and secure their hold on Antioch, solidifying the establishment of the Principality
00
During the summer of ______, Crusader and Byzantine forces began a difficult journey through ______, aiming to meet at ______.
1097
Anatolia
Dorylaeum
01
The Crusaders, expecting reinforcements from Emperor ______ I Komnenos, split into two groups: the ______ and the ______.
Alexios
Normans
French
02
On ______ 1, 1097, the Normans were ambushed by Seljuk Sultan ______ ______ I, but were later assisted by the French in a successful counterattack.
July
Kilij
Arslan
