Tumor Biology delves into the origins and development of tumors, distinguishing between benign and malignant types. It examines the role of tumor suppressor genes like TP53 in preventing cancer, the pathological changes during tumor development, and the classification and diagnosis of different tumor types. The text also discusses the immune system's interaction with tumors, highlighting the significance of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and the clinical importance of tumor markers such as CEA for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
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Tumors are clusters of cells that grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should
Tumor Suppressor Genes
Mutations or loss of function in tumor suppressor genes can lead to unchecked cell proliferation and tumor formation
Apoptosis Evasion
The evasion of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a hallmark of cancer cells
Tumors can interfere with the body's normal functions, making insights into tumor biology vital for devising new cancer therapies and prevention methods
Tumors are broadly categorized as benign or malignant based on their growth patterns and potential to harm the body
Metastasis
Malignant tumors have the potential to spread to distant body parts through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis
Threat to Health
Malignant tumors are a serious threat to health due to their ability to invade nearby tissues and organs
Benign tumors can often be removed with surgery, while malignant tumors require more aggressive treatment methods
Tumor pathology examines the accumulation of genetic mutations and other changes that occur in cells as they transform into a tumor
Apoptosis Evasion
The evasion of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a hallmark of cancer cells
Genetic Mutations
The accumulation of genetic mutations is a critical factor in tumor progression and the development of metastasis
Accurate tumor classification is imperative for selecting the appropriate treatment regimen
Tumor immunology focuses on the complex relationship between the immune system and tumor cells, with particular attention to Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
Definition and Measurement
Tumor markers, such as Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), are substances produced by cancer cells or by the body in response to cancer, which can be measured in blood and used for cancer diagnosis and monitoring
Uses in Cancer Management
Tumor markers can be used to diagnose cancer, monitor treatment effectiveness, and detect cancer recurrence
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______ Biology studies the origins, growth, and traits of ______.
Tumor
tumors
01
Benign tumor growth rate
Grows slowly, remains localized, doesn't invade tissues.
02
Malignant tumor metastasis process
Spreads to distant parts via bloodstream or lymphatic system.
