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Prolactin is a hormone crucial for lactation, reproductive functions, and immune system regulation. It affects lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and adapts to stress by altering immune and reproductive activities. Abnormal levels can lead to health issues like infertility and menstrual irregularities in women, and sexual dysfunction in men. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, medication, or surgery.
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Prolactin is a peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland with various biological functions
Promotion of Lactation
Prolactin plays a critical role in promoting lactation in breastfeeding women
Regulation of Reproductive System Activities
Prolactin is involved in regulating reproductive system activities, such as ovulation and sperm production
Involvement in Immune System Regulation
Prolactin also plays a role in regulating immune system activities
Prolactin affects the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates
Normal serum prolactin levels range from 6 to 25 ng/mL in non-pregnant women and 2 to 18 ng/mL in men
Maintaining prolactin within a normal range is essential for health and well-being
Elevated prolactin levels can lead to menstrual irregularities, galactorrhea, infertility, and sexual dysfunction
Low levels of prolactin may be associated with insufficient lactation, reduced immune function, and reproductive issues
Hyperprolactinemia can result from physiological states, pathological conditions, and the use of certain medications or drugs
Symptoms of hyperprolactinemia include amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and infertility, and treatment may involve dopamine agonists or surgery
Hypoprolactinemia may be caused by damage to the pituitary gland, genetic mutations, or certain drugs, and treatment may involve lifestyle changes or medical intervention
Prolactin testing is important for diagnosing conditions related to reproductive health and lactation, as well as detecting hormonal imbalances
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The hormone that plays a key role in reproductive health, immune response, and the balance of ______ and ______ is ______.
lipids
carbohydrates
Prolactin
01
Normal prolactin levels in non-pregnant women
Typically 6 to 25 ng/mL, varies by lab standards.
02
Effects of hyperprolactinemia
Causes menstrual irregularities, galactorrhea, infertility, sexual dysfunction.
