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Cholesterol is a crucial sterol for the structural integrity of cell membranes and the synthesis of vital molecules like steroid hormones and vitamin D. It maintains membrane fluidity, aids in fat digestion, and is involved in nerve function. Understanding its biosynthesis, distribution, and homeostasis is key to managing health risks associated with its levels.
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Cholesterol's molecular structure consists of a steroid nucleus bonded to a hydrocarbon tail and a hydroxyl group, making it an essential component of cell membranes
Steps of Cholesterol Biosynthesis
Cholesterol is synthesized through a complex pathway involving the condensation of acetyl-CoA molecules, conversion into isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and enzymatic modifications
Cholesterol plays a crucial role in maintaining the fluidity and stability of cell membranes, as well as serving as a precursor for the synthesis of hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D
Cholesterol is transported throughout the body by lipoproteins, including LDL and HDL, to be utilized in various biological processes
The body carefully regulates cholesterol levels to prevent disorders such as atherosclerosis and gallstones
Excess cholesterol is processed in the liver and converted into bile acids for fat digestion, maintaining the balance of cholesterol in the body
Cholesterol's rigidity and amphipathic nature contribute to the mechanical stability and formation of lipid rafts in cell membranes
Cholesterol serves as a precursor for the synthesis of important biomolecules such as hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D
Cholesterol is involved in various physiological processes, including the transportation of fats in the bloodstream and the formation of myelin sheaths in the nervous system
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Besides being integral to cell membranes, cholesterol is also a precursor for ______, ______, and ______.
bile acids
steroid hormones
vitamin D
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Chemical formula of cholesterol
C27H45OH - 27 carbon atoms, 45 hydrogen atoms, 1 hydroxyl group.
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Cholesterol classification
Classified as an alcohol due to the presence of a hydroxyl group (-OH).
