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Exploring the nature of science, this overview delves into its systematic approach to knowledge, encompassing testable explanations and predictions about the universe. It outlines the traditional divisions of science into natural, social, and formal sciences, each with distinct areas of focus. The text also traces the historical development of scientific knowledge from ancient civilizations through the Scientific Revolution to the professionalization of science in the 19th century. Additionally, it highlights the evolution of scientific inquiry from solitary to collaborative efforts, reflecting the complexity of modern scientific challenges.
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Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe
Discovery of Natural Phenomena
Science encompasses the discovery of natural phenomena and the development of methodologies to probe and understand these phenomena
Testable Explanations and Predictions
The main goal of science is to provide testable explanations and predictions about the universe
Science is traditionally divided into three main branches: the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the formal sciences
Ancient civilizations such as those in Egypt and Mesopotamia made foundational contributions to science in areas like mathematics, astronomy, and medicine
Greek natural philosophy aimed to understand the world through natural causes and was influenced by the knowledge preserved during the Islamic Golden Age
The Scientific Revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries marked a shift in understanding and the development of the scientific method
By the 19th century, the structure and professionalization of science were established, and the term "natural philosophy" was replaced by "natural science."
Scientific inquiry is driven by curiosity and the desire to address complex questions
In the modern era, science is predominantly a collaborative endeavor involving teams across various institutions and industries
Collaborations in science have significant practical outcomes, influencing the creation of science policies and the responsible application of scientific discoveries
The increasing complexity of scientific challenges has led to a shift from solitary to collaborative research, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches
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Definition of Science
Systematic enterprise to build, organize knowledge via testable explanations, predictions about universe.
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Role of Natural Sciences
Study physical world, include physics, chemistry, biology; discover natural phenomena, develop methodologies.
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Importance of Formal Sciences
Create abstract structures from logic, math; provide frameworks for other sciences, no empirical testing.
