Scientific Advancements in Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Tracing the evolution of scientific thought, this overview begins with Aristotle's teleological views and the early heliocentric theory. It covers advancements in mathematics and natural sciences in antiquity, intellectual traditions of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance's technological innovations, and the Enlightenment's rational inquiry culminating in Newton's Principia Mathematica.
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1
In the ______ century BCE, Aristotle developed a teleological view, claiming that natural events have intrinsic goals or '______'.
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2
Aristarchus of ______ proposed a ______ model of the universe in the 3rd century BCE, where the Earth orbits the Sun.
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3
The ______ theory, suggesting the Sun is at the center of the universe, wasn't widely recognized until ______ revived it in the 16th century.
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4
The geocentric model, which was supported by Claudius ______ and was in line with Aristotle's views, was eventually replaced by the ______ model.
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5
Work of Pliny the Elder
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6
Impact of positional notation
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7
Ancient era's influence on natural sciences
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8
During the ______, while some regions saw the flourishing of scholarship, others diverged in their approach to preserving knowledge.
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9
In the ______ Empire, thinkers like ______ Philoponus built upon and critiqued the works of ancient philosophers such as Aristotle.
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10
The ______ of ______ was one of the key institutions for learning and research in the Islamic world.
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11
Ibn al-Haytham, a renowned ______, made groundbreaking contributions to the field of ______ and the scientific method.
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12
The ______ of Gondeshapur was an important center for the translation and enhancement of Greek ______ and scientific works.
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13
Impact of optics on Renaissance science
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14
Role of the printing press in the Renaissance
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15
Foundations of the scientific method by Bacon and Descartes
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16
The ______ was characterized by the search for understanding using empirical and logical methods.
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17
Newton's book laid down the fundamental laws of ______ and ______ ______, which are key to classical mechanics.
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18
The Enlightenment period was crucial for the establishment of ______ scientific disciplines and methods.
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19
The legacy of the Enlightenment includes a lasting culture of ______ that propels ongoing scientific investigation.
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