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The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914, by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb nationalist, set off a chain of events leading to World War I. This act of violence in Sarajevo escalated into the July Crisis, with Austria-Hungary's ultimatum to Serbia, and subsequent declarations of war involving major European powers. The conflict's outbreak was fueled by complex alliances, nationalist fervor, and military strategies, such as Germany's Schlieffen Plan. The Sarajevo assassination had far-reaching global implications, reshaping the geopolitical landscape and influencing international relations for years to come.

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb nationalist associated with the group Young Bosnia. This organization, supported by elements within the Serbian military society known as the Black Hand, aimed to liberate South Slavic peoples from Austro-Hungarian rule. The assassination triggered a series of diplomatic and military actions that led to the outbreak of World War I. The event had a significant impact on the Austro-Hungarian Empire, creating a political crisis that historian Christopher Clark has compared to a "9/11 effect" due to its profound and far-reaching consequences.
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The July Crisis and the Path to War

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to the July Crisis, a month of diplomatic maneuvering among the European powers. Austria-Hungary, with backing from Germany, issued an ultimatum to Serbia on July 23 with demands intended to be unacceptable, in an effort to justify military action against Serbia. Serbia's partial compliance with the ultimatum was not enough to prevent Austria-Hungary from breaking off diplomatic relations and declaring war on July 28. Russia's mobilization in defense of Serbia prompted Germany to declare war on Russia and France, activating a network of alliances that quickly involved all the major European powers in the conflict.

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Date and victims of Sarajevo assassination

June 28, 1914 - Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie

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Aim of Young Bosnia and Black Hand

Liberate South Slavic peoples from Austro-Hungarian rule

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Consequence of Sarajevo assassination

Triggered events leading to World War I, caused political crisis in Austro-Hungarian Empire

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