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Explore the development of atomic theory, tracing its origins from Democritus's concept of 'atomos' to Dalton's atomic theory and laws of chemical combination. Witness the discovery of subatomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons, and delve into the advancements of quantum mechanics, which revolutionized our understanding of atomic structure and electron behavior.
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Democritus coined the term "atomos" to describe the idea of indivisible particles
The concept of atoms in ancient philosophy lacked experimental evidence
The early thoughts on atoms paved the way for further scientific investigation
Dalton observed that elements combine in consistent proportions by mass
Dalton suggested that atoms were the fundamental particles of matter, each with its own weight and properties
Dalton's atomic theory introduced the Law of Multiple Proportions, which states that elements combine in ratios of small whole numbers
Thomson's work with cathode rays led to the identification of electrons as fundamental particles
Rutherford's experiment revealed the existence of a small, dense nucleus in atoms
Bohr's model incorporated quantum theory to explain the behavior of electrons in atoms
Rutherford identified positively charged particles, later recognized as protons, in his experiments
Chadwick's discovery of the neutron explained the existence of isotopes and refined the model of the nucleus
The development of quantum mechanics led to the understanding of electrons as described by probability distributions in the electron cloud model
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Meaning of 'atomos' in ancient philosophy
'Atomos' means 'indivisible', term by Democritus.
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19th-century scientist who developed atomic theory
John Dalton proposed atomic theory, atoms as fundamental particles.
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Dalton's observation leading to atomic theory
Elements combine in consistent proportions by mass.
