The cell cycle in eukaryotic cells is a complex process involving growth, division, and DNA replication. The S phase is crucial for DNA synthesis, regulated by checkpoints and proteins like cyclins and Cdks. Strategies to prevent DNA re-replication include the degradation of pre-replication complex components and the action of geminin. Replication foci organize replication sites, while prokaryotic replication, such as in 'E. coli', differs markedly, accommodating rapid growth.
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1
In eukaryotic cells, the ______ is a complex sequence involving growth and division.
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2
The ______, also known as the synthesis phase, is when eukaryotic cells replicate DNA.
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3
The purpose of the cell cycle's regulatory mechanisms is to maintain ______ and prevent errors.
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4
DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs within the ______, unlike in prokaryotic cells.
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5
Purpose of G1/S checkpoint
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6
Consequence of failing G1/S checkpoint
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7
G1/S role in DNA replication regulation
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8
______ and ______ continue to prevent the pre-replication complex from reassembling after the S phase is over.
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9
In budding yeast, phosphorylation by Cdk of ______ and ______ is crucial to stop the pre-replication complex from coming together again.
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10
Geminin's interaction partner to prevent DNA re-replication
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11
Cell cycle phase when geminin is degraded
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12
Mechanism preventing geminin's inhibition of Cdt1 post-G1
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13
In vertebrate ______ cells, replication sites are organized into distinct nuclear structures known as ______ ______.
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14
Replication foci become visible in the ______ phase and can be examined with techniques like ______ and fluorescence microscopy.
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15
The formation of replication foci is ______ and ______ regulated to ensure coordinated firing of replication origins.
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16
GFP-tagged replication proteins are used in fluorescence microscopy to study ______ ______ during DNA replication.
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17
Continuous DNA replication in 'E. coli'
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18
Concurrent replication cycles in 'E. coli'
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19
Initiation factors of 'E. coli' DNA replication
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